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William F. Collins, Jr, MD; Richard O. Burns, Jr, MD, PhD; Thomas R. Johns, MD; David G. Kline, MD; Paul W. Myers, MD; G. Robert Nugent, MD

Arch Neurol. 1979;36(12):771-781.

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VERTEBRAL DISORDERS Craniovertebral Abnormalities

Craniovertebral abnormalities include acquired and congenital abnormalities of the junction of the skull and cervical vertebral column and of the upper cervical spinal canal that can cause dysfunction of the brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. The term "craniovertebral abnormalities" includes congenital or acquired absence of the odontoid, congenital or acquired non-fusion of the odontoid, basilar impression of the skull (platybasia), Arnold-Chiari malformation, and fusion or closure defects of the upper cervical vertebrae. These conditions are usually diagnosed during neurologic evaluation of complaints of neurologic dysfunction of the spinal cord, cerebellum, or brainstem, or on the basis of abnormalities found incidentally by radiologic examination of the skull and cervical spine. The major findings that are important in evaluating these conditions are historical evidence of previous or present transient or permanent incapacitation, evidence of the duration and severity of this incapacitation, and documented stability of the cervical spine . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

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