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Experimental studies of brain oxygen and carbon dioxide tension, pH, EEG and blood flow during hyperventilation

JOHN S. MEYER, M.D.; FUMIO GOTOH, M.D.

Arch Neurol. 1960;3(5):539-552.

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It has been known for over 25 years that in most young and healthy subjects, hyperventilation produces a feeling of lightheadedness, difficulty in concentration, and high voltage slow waves in the electroencephalogram (EEG) but until the present time, the pathogenesis of the EEG slowing remains unproven.³ Lennox, Gibbs, and Gibbs⁷ considered that cerebral vasoconstriction occurring during hyperventilation maintained homeostasis of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the brain and that if cerebral PCO₂ levels became reduced, EEG slowing resulted. Davis and Wallace offered an alternative hypothesis that EEG slowing during hyperventilation was due to vasoconstriction with ischemic anoxia.² Concurrent recordings of alveolar CO₂ concentration and arterial oxygen saturation in man have shown that hypoxia in the absence of hypocapnia as well as hypocapnia in the absence of systemic hypoxia may produce EEG slowing.¹¹ On theoretical grounds, hyperventilation might produce EEG slowing either by ischemic hypoxia . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Detroit

From the Departments of Neurology, Wayne State University, College of Medicine and the Receiving Hospital. This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness of the U.S. Public Health Service and the Research Corporation of the Receiving Hospital. Dr. Gotoh is a Fellow of the Michigan Heart Association.

Footnotes
Received for publication July 1, 1960.

Harvard Apparatus Company, Dover, Mass.

Since in this series of experiments we have expressed all alveolar carbon dioxide levels as volumes per cent rather than in mm. Hg, we use the designation ALCO2 rather than the conventional PACO2. The sample of exhaled air analyzed was drawn several inches from the trachea which gave lower readings than are usually seen for alveolar CO2 concentration.

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