• Online Features  This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (36)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Related article  • Similar articles in this journal  Topic Collections  • Neurology  • Alzheimer Disease  • Dementias  • Neurogenetics  • Alert me on articles by topic  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Variation of Education Effect With Carbon 11–Labeled Pittsburgh Compound B Uptake

Catherine M. Roe, PhD; Mark A. Mintun, MD; Gina D’Angelo, PhD; Chengjie Xiong, PhD; Elizabeth A. Grant, PhD; John C. Morris, MD

Arch Neurol. 2008;65(11):1467-1471.

Objective  To evaluate the cognitive reserve hypothesis by examining whether individuals of greater educational attainment have better cognitive function than individuals with less education in the presence of elevated fibrillar brain amyloid levels.

Design, Setting, and Participants  Uptake of carbon 11–labeled Pittsburgh Compound B ([¹¹C]PiB) was measured for participants assessed between August 15, 2003, and January 8, 2008, at the Washington University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and diagnosed either as nondemented (n = 161) or with dementia of the Alzheimer type (n = 37). Multiple regression was used to determine whether [¹¹C]PiB uptake interacted with level of educational attainment to predict cognitive function.

Main Outcome Measures  Scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Short Blessed Test and individual measures from a psychometric battery.

Results  Uptake of [¹¹C]PiB interacted with years of education in predicting scores on the Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes (P = .003), the Mini-Mental State Examination (P < .001), the Short Blessed Test (P = .03), and a measure of verbal abstract reasoning and conceptualization (P = .02) such that performance on these measures increased with increasing education for participants with elevated PiB uptake. Education was unrelated to global cognitive functioning scores among those with lower PiB uptake.

Conclusion  The results support the hypothesis that cognitive reserve influences the association between Alzheimer disease pathological burden and cognition.

Author Affiliations: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (Drs Roe, Mintun, D’Angelo, Xiong, Grant, and Morris), Departments of Neurology (Drs Roe and Morris), Radiology (Dr Mintun), and Pathology and Immunology (Dr Morris), Division of Biostatistics (Drs D’Angelo, Xiong, and Grant), and Program in Physical Therapy (Dr Morris), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.

CiteULike    Connotea    Delicious    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

RELATED ARTICLE

This Month in Archives of Neurology
Arch Neurol. 2008;65(11):1415-1416.
FULL TEXT  

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

APOE modifies the association between A{beta} load and cognition in cognitively normal older adults
Kantarci et al.
Neurology 2012;78:232-240.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

The balance between cognitive reserve and brain imaging biomarkers of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer's diseases
Murray et al.
Brain 2011;134:3687-3696.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers, Education, Brain Volume, and Future Cognition
Roe et al.
Arch Neurol 2011;68:1145-1151.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers are independent determinants of cognition
Vemuri et al.
Brain 2011;134:1479-1492.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Alzheimer-signature MRI biomarker predicts AD dementia in cognitively normal adults
Dickerson et al.
Neurology 2011;76:1395-1402.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Alzheimer's Disease: The Challenge of the Second Century
Holtzman et al.
Sci Transl Med 2011;3:77sr1-77sr1.
FULL TEXT  

Exploring the Role of Cognitive Reserve in Early-Onset Dementia
Fairjones et al.
AM J ALZHEIMERS DIS OTHER DEMEN 2011;26:139-144.
ABSTRACT  

Improving CSF biomarker accuracy in predicting prevalent and incident Alzheimer disease
Roe et al.
Neurology 2011;76:501-510.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

In Vivo Fibrillar {beta}-Amyloid Detected Using [11C]PiB Positron Emission Tomography and Neuropathologic Assessment in Older Adults
Sojkova et al.
Arch Neurol 2011;68:232-240.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Synergistic Effects of Long-Term Antioxidant Diet and Behavioral Enrichment on {beta}-Amyloid Load and Non-Amyloidogenic Processing in Aged Canines
Pop et al.
J. Neurosci. 2010;30:9831-9839.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Alzheimer disease identification using amyloid imaging and reserve variables: Proof of concept
Roe et al.
Neurology 2010;75:42-48.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Intellectual enrichment lessens the effect of brain atrophy on learning and memory in multiple sclerosis
Sumowski et al.
Neurology 2010;74:1942-1945.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Intellectual enrichment is linked to cerebral efficiency in multiple sclerosis: functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for cognitive reserve
Sumowski et al.
Brain 2010;133:362-374.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Pittsburgh Compound B Imaging and Prediction of Progression From Cognitive Normality to Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease
Morris et al.
Arch Neurol 2009;66:1469-1475.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Comparison of 18F-FDG and PiB PET in Cognitive Impairment
Lowe et al.
JNM 2009;50:878-886.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT