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Multifocal Necrotizing Leukoencephalopathy
An Unusual Complication of Acute Leukemia
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:1028-1029.
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A 56-year-old man with acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia previously treated with prophylactic whole-brain radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy had a reoccurrence of disease in the central nervous system. He was treated with 6 cycles of intraventricular methotrexate and cytarabine in conjunction with systemic chemotherapy (hyper-CVAD [hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincrastine, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), and dexamethosone] followed by ARA-G [nelarabine (Arranon)]). Subsequently, he acutely presented with disinhibition, abulia, and bizarre behaviors. Results of an examination of the patient were notable for confusion and hypomanic behavior. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (Figure 1A) followed by a stereotactic brain biopsy (Figure 2) revealed multifocal demyelinating leukoencephalopathy (MNL). The patient was treated with oral steroids (dexamethasone, 16 mg/d) and made a complete clinical and partial neuroradiological recovery (Figure 1B).
Figure appears in full text version.
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Figure 1. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging. A, Axial, gadolinium-enhanced, T1-weighted images demonstrate an enhancing lesion based in the anterior corpus callosum with local . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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AUTHOR INFORMATION
John Robb, PA;
Lisa Chalmers, PA;
Amyn Rojiani, MD;
Marc Chamberlain, MD
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