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Pavel Ortinski, BA; Kimford J. Meador, MD

Arch Neurol. 2004;61:1017-1020.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

INTRODUCTION

Conscious awareness underlies important aspects of cognitive behavior. Understanding the neurobiological basis of conscious awareness has proved to be one of the most elusive problems for neuroscientists. Progress in recent years, however, allows for the development of theories of conscious awareness through integration of evidence from physiological, anatomical, and behavioral studies.

This review focuses on conscious awareness: the state in which external and internal stimuli are perceived and can be intentionally acted on. Much investigative effort has been directed at testing theoretical constructs dealing with general as well as specific characteristics of conscious awareness. We address 3 general questions: Where in the brain does consciousness occur? When does it occur in relation to external and/or internal stimuli? How are the underlying neural mechanisms involved in the emergence of consciousness? Experimentally obtained answers to these questions, although at times not definitive, narrow the list . . . [Full Text of this Article]

WHERE

WHEN

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CONCLUSIONS

From the Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience (Mr Ortinski), and Department of Neurology (Dr Meador), Georgetown University, Washington, DC.

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