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The Neurology of Reasoning
Jeffrey E. Shuren, MD, JD;
Jordan Grafman, PhD
Arch Neurol. 2002;59:916-919.
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| Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings. |
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INTRODUCTION
Of all the qualities of humankind, the ability to reason stands out
as our most defining characteristic. It forms the cornerstone of scientific
investigation and the expansion of human knowledge. Without the ability to
reason, the developments of modern medicine and of science in general would
never have occurred.
Although patients with isolated impairments of reasoning can perform
the simple tasks of daily life, their ability to navigate through life and
the quality of their lives are often significantly diminished. Clearly, there
is a need to attack impaired reasoning with the same fervor that we use to
treat defects in language and other cognitive functions.
This article defines reasoning as the ability to draw conclusions from
given information (premises or arguments). The conclusions reached provide
new insights. Neuropsychological investigations have traditionally divided
reasoning into 2 categories, deduction and induction, based on the . . . [Full Text of this Article]
EXPERIMENTAL TASKS
IMAGING STUDIES
STUDIES IN PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN LESIONS
ROLE OF EACH HEMISPHERE
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
From the Cognitive Neuroscience Section, National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (Dr Grafman), and the
Office of Policy, Planning, and Legislation, Office of the Commissioner, US
Food and Drug Administration (Dr Shuren), Rockville, Md.
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