 |
 |

Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Developing Alzheimer Disease
Results From the Framingham Study
Abimbola Akomolafe, MD, MPH, MS;
Alexa Beiser, PhD;
James B. Meigs, MD, MPH;
Rhoda Au, PhD;
Robert C. Green, MD, MPH;
Lindsay A. Farrer, PhD;
Philip A. Wolf, MD;
Sudha Seshadri, MD
Arch Neurol. 2006;63:1551-1555.
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) could increase the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) through several biologically plausible pathways, but the relationship between DM and the development of AD remains uncertain.
Objective To compare the risk of developing AD in subjects with and without DM.
Design Prospective community-based cohort study.
Participants Framingham Study Original cohort participants who were dementia free and attended the 16th biennial examination (n = 2210 persons, 1325 women; mean age, 70 years).
Main Outcome Measures Relative risk of incident AD (criteria from the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association) associated with baseline DM (casual plasma glucose 200 mg/dL [ 11.1 mmol/L] or use of insulin or a hypoglycemic drug) in overall group and within subgroups defined by apolipoprotein E genotype and plasma homocysteine levels; models were adjusted for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors.
Results At baseline, 202 participants (9.1%) had DM. During the follow-up period (mean, 12.7 years; range, 1-20 years), 17 of 202 persons with DM (8.4%) and 220 of 2008 persons without DM (11.0%) developed AD, yielding a relative risk of 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 0.65-2.05). Among subjects without an apolipoprotein E 4 allele or elevated plasma homocysteine levels, 44 of 684 persons (6.4%) developed AD; relative risk for AD comparing diabetic patients with nondiabetic patients was 2.98 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-8.39; P = .03). The effect was strongest in persons aged 75 years or older with a relative risk of 4.77 (95% confidence interval, 1.28-17.72; P = .02).
Conclusion Diabetes mellitus did not increase the risk of incident AD in the Framingham cohort overall; however, DM may be a risk factor for AD in the absence of other known major AD risk factors.
Author Affiliations: Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga (Dr Akomolafe); the Departments of Biostatistics (Dr Beiser), Medicine [Genetics Program] (Dr Farrer), and Neurology (Drs Au, Green, Wolf, and Seshadri), Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Mass; the General Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (Dr Meigs); and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Mass.
CiteULike Connotea Delicious Digg Facebook Reddit Technorati Twitter
What's this?
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
 |
Biomarkers for Insulin Resistance and Inflammation and the Risk for All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer Disease: Results From the Framingham Heart Study
van Himbergen et al.
Arch Neurol 2012;0:archneurol.2011.670v1-7.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Glucose tolerance status and risk of dementia in the community: The Hisayama Study
Ohara et al.
Neurology 2011;77:1126-1134.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Risk Factors and Preventive Interventions for Alzheimer Disease: State of the Science
Daviglus et al.
Arch Neurol 2011;68:1185-1190.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Insulin metabolism and the risk of Alzheimer disease: The Rotterdam Study
Schrijvers et al.
Neurology 2010;75:1982-1987.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Accelerated Progression From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia in People With Diabetes
Xu et al.
Diabetes 2010;59:2928-2935.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Alzheimer disease prevention: Focus on cardiovascular risk, not amyloid?
GELDMACHER
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 2010;77:689-704.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Diabetes, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia: A population-based neuropathologic study
Ahtiluoto et al.
Neurology 2010;75:1195-1202.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Association of Plasma Leptin Levels With Incident Alzheimer Disease and MRI Measures of Brain Aging
Lieb et al.
JAMA 2009;302:2565-2572.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Risk of dementia hospitalisation associated with cardiovascular risk factors in midlife and older age: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
Alonso et al.
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2009;80:1194-1201.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Vascular Factors and Markers of Inflammation in Offspring With a Parental History of Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease
van Exel et al.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009;66:1263-1270.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
The Metabolic Syndrome and Development of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Women
Yaffe et al.
Arch Neurol 2009;66:324-328.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Mid- and Late-Life Diabetes in Relation to the Risk of Dementia: A Population-Based Twin Study
Xu et al.
Diabetes 2009;58:71-77.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Dementia Prevention: Methodological Explanations for Inconsistent Results
Coley et al.
Epidemiol Rev 2008;30:35-66.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Enhanced Risk for Alzheimer Disease in Persons With Type 2 Diabetes and APOE {varepsilon}4: The Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study
Irie et al.
Arch Neurol 2008;65:89-93.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Vascular factors predict rate of progression in Alzheimer disease
Mielke et al.
Neurology 2007;69:1850-1858.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
|