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James T. Becker, PhD; Simon W. Davis, BA; Kiralee M. Hayashi, BS; Carolyn Cidis Meltzer, MD; Arthur W. Toga, PhD; Oscar L. Lopez, MD; Paul M. Thompson, PhD; for the Imaging Methods and Analysis in Geriatrics Research Group

Arch Neurol. 2006;63:97-101.

Objective  To measure hippocampal volumes in patients diagnosed as having subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relative to those of elderly control subjects and those of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) using 3-dimensional mesh reconstructions.

Design  A magnetic resonance imaging volumetric study of MCI subgroups (MCI, amnesic subtype [MCI-A]; and MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype) using 3-dimensional mesh reconstructions of the structure.

Setting  Referral dementia clinic.

Subjects  Twenty-six subjects with MCI (MCI-A, n = 6; and MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, n = 20), 20 subjects with AD, and 20 controls who were equivalent in age, education, and sex distributions.

Main Outcome Measures  Three-dimensional parametric mesh models of the hippocampus and total hippocampal volumes.

Results  The hippocampi of the patients with AD were significantly atrophic relative to those of the healthy controls. The MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, group did not differ from the controls, yet was significantly different from the MCI-A and the AD groups. The MCI-A patients had significant hippocampal atrophy compared with the controls, and did not differ significantly from the patients with AD.

Conclusion  These data add to the growing evidence that there are multiple forms of MCI, that they have distinct neuropathological correlates, and that MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, is not a more advanced form of the MCI-A subtype.

Author Affiliations: Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (Drs Becker, Meltzer, and Lopez and Mr Davis) and Departments of Psychiatry (Dr Becker and Mr Davis), Neurology (Drs Becker and Lopez), Psychology (Dr Becker), and Radiology (Dr Meltzer), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; and Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Brain Mapping Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles (Ms Hayashi and Drs Toga and Thompson).

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