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Abnormalities in the Pattern of Platelet Amyloid Precursor Protein Forms in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease
Alessandro Padovani, MD, PhD;
Barbara Borroni, MD;
Francesca Colciaghi, PhD;
Carla Pettenati, MD;
Elisabetta Cottini, MD;
Chiara Agosti, MD;
Gian Luigi Lenzi, MD;
Carlo Caltagirone, MD;
Marco Trabucchi, MD;
Flaminio Cattabeni, PhD;
Monica Di Luca, PhD
Arch Neurol. 2002;59:71-75.
Context Patients affected by sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) show a significant
alteration of amyloid precursor protein (APP) forms in platelets when compared
with patients with dementia but without AD and age-matched controls.
Objective To evaluate the ratio of platelet APP forms (APPr) in early-stage AD
and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its potential as a biomarker for the
early identification of AD.
Setting Community population-based sample of patients admitted to 4 AD centers
for investigation of cognitive disturbances.
Design and Methods Thirty-five patients with mild AD (mAD), 21 patients with very mild
AD (vmAD), 30 subjects with MCI, and 25 age-matched controls were included.
The APPr was evaluated by Western blot analysis in platelet homogenate.
Results Compared with controls (mean ± SD, 0.93 ± 0.3), the mean
APPr was decreased in patients with mAD (0.44 ± 0.24; P<.001) and patients with vmAD (0.49 ± 0.3; P<.001). Regarding the MCI group, a significant decrease in APPr
was found compared with controls (0.62 ± 0.33; P<.001). Fixing a cutoff score of 0.6, sensitivity was 88.6% (31/35)
for patients with mAD and 85.7% (18/21) for patients with vmAD, whereas specificity
was 88% (22/25) for controls. Among patients with MCI, 18 (60%) of 30 individuals
displayed APPr values below the cutoff.
Conclusions Alteration of platelet APP forms is an early event in AD, and the measurement
of APPr may be useful for the identification of preclinical AD in patients
with MCI.
From the Department of Neurology, University of Brescia, Brescia (Drs
Padovani, Borroni, Cottini, and Agosti), Centre of Excellence for Neurodegenerative
Disease and Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan
(Drs Colciaghi, Cattabeni, and Di Luca); Alzheimer Centre, Passirana-Rho,
Milan (Dr Pettenati), Department of Neurology, "La Sapienza" University of
Rome, Rome (Dr Lenzi), Istituto di Ricerca a Carattere e Cura Scientifica,
Santa Lucia "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, Rome (Dr Caltagirone), and Gruppo
di Ricerca Geriatria, Brescia (Dr Trabucchi), Italy.
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ABSTRACT
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