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Ronald C. Petersen, MD, PhD; Rachelle Doody, MD, PhD; Alexander Kurz, MD; Richard C. Mohs, PhD; John C. Morris, MD; Peter V. Rabins, MD; Karen Ritchie, MPsych, PhD; Martin Rossor, MA, MDFRCP; Leon Thal, MD; Bengt Winblad, MD

Arch Neurol. 2001;58:1985-1992.

The field of aging and dementia is focusing on the characterization of the earliest stages of cognitive impairment. Recent research has identified a transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Mild cognitive impairment refers to the clinical condition between normal aging and AD in which persons experience memory loss to a greater extent than one would expect for age, yet they do not meet currently accepted criteria for clinically probable AD. When these persons are observed longitudinally, they progress to clinically probable AD at a considerably accelerated rate compared with healthy age-matched individuals. Consequently, this condition has been recognized as suitable for possible therapeutic intervention, and several multicenter international treatment trials are under way. Because this is a topic of intense interest, a group of experts on aging and MCI from around the world in the fields of neurology, psychiatry, geriatrics, neuropsychology, neuroimaging, neuropathology, clinical trials, and ethics was convened to summarize the current state of the field of MCI. Participants reviewed the world scientific literature on aging and MCI and summarized the various topics with respect to available evidence on MCI. Diagnostic criteria and clinical outcomes of these subjects are available in the literature. Mild cognitive impairment is believed to be a high-risk condition for the development of clinically probable AD. Heterogeneity in the use of the term was recognized, and subclassifications were suggested. While no treatments are recommended for MCI currently, clinical trials regarding potential therapies are under way. Recommendations concerning ethical issues in the diagnosis and the management of subjects with MCI were made.

From the Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minn (Dr Petersen); Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex (Dr Doody); Department of Psychiatry, Technische University, Munich, Germany (Dr Kurz); Department of Psychiatry, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (Dr Mohs); Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (Dr Morris); Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md (Dr Rabins); Department of Nervous System Pathologies, French National Institute of Medical Research, Montpellier, France (Dr Ritchie); Dementia Research Group, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, England (Dr Rossor); Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego (Dr Thal); and Division of Geriatrics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (Dr Winblad).

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