The Occurrence of Depression in Parkinson's Disease: A Community-Based Study

doi:10.1001/archneur.1996.00550020087019

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Vol. 53 No. 2, February 1996

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The Occurrence of Depression in Parkinson's Disease

A Community-Based Study

Elise Tandberg, MD; Jan P. Larsen, MD; Dag Aarsland, MD; Jeffrey L. Cummings, MD

Arch Neurol. 1996;53(2):175-179.

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the frequency of major depression (MD) and theseverity of depressive symptoms among patients with Parkinson'sdisease (PD).

Design
The PD population was derived from a community-based prevalencestudy. Total case ascertainment and a high diagnostic accuracyof PD were attempted through a detailed community study andthe use of a new clinical diagnostic classification. Major depressionwas diagnosed according to the criteria in the Diagnostic andStatistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition.The severity of depression in the prevalence population wasscored with the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression RatingScale. The occurrence of depressive symptoms among patientswith PD was compared with the occurrence among age-matched groupsof patients with diabetes mellitus and of healthy elderly. Inaddition, the patients with PD and the control groups completedthe Beck Depression Inventory.

Setting
Depression among patients with PD derived from a prevalencestudy in the county of Rogaland, Norway.

Patients
Two hundred forty-five patients with PD. Two age-matched controlgroups (each including 100 patients); one group included patientswith diabetes mellitus and the other, healthy elderly.

Results
Of the 245 patients with PD, 7.7% met the criteria for MD. Basedon their Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating score,5.1% of the patients were moderately to severely depressed whereasanother 45.5% had mild depressive symptoms. Among the patientswho scored 20 or more on the Mini-Mental State Examination,3.6% had MD compared with 25.6% of the patients with a scorebelow 20. The frequency of patients with a Beck Depression Inventoryscore of 18 or more was higher in the PD group (24.1%) thanamong patients with diabetes mellitus (11%) and the healthyelderly controls (4%).

Conclusion
This study suggests that the prevalence of MD in PD is lowerthan previously assumed, but a substantial proportion of patientswith PD have less severe depressive symptoms.

Author Affiliations

From the Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of Rogaland (Drs Tandberg and Larsen); Department of Psychogeriatrics, Psychiatric Hospital of Rogaland (Dr Aarsland), Stavanger, Norway; and Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (Dr Cummings).

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