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Philippe Ryvlin, MD; Emmanuel Broussolle, MD; Henri Piollet, MD; François Viallet, MD, PhD; Yad Khalfallah, MD; Guy Chazot, MD

Arch Neurol. 1995;52(6):583-588.

Abstract
Objective
To determine the changes in basal ganglia iron content associated with various stages of idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Design
Prospective magnetic resonance imaging study using a 2-T magnet.

Setting
Ambulatory care referral center.

Patients and Participants
Forty-five patients suffering from levodopa-responsive Parkinson's disease and 45 age-matched controls.

Main Outcome Measures
The T₂ relaxation time calculated in various regions of the basal ganglia, the duration of Parkinson's disease, and the age of subjects.

Results
Patients with Parkinson's disease exhibited significantly decreased T₂ relaxation time in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra compared with controls (P<.01), regardless of disease duration. Patients with a duration of illness above 10 years (n=12) exhibited significantly increased T₂ relaxation time in the anterior and posterior putamen (P<.005 and P<.01, respectively) and in the pallidum (P<.05) compared with age-matched controls. Putamenal T₂ relaxation time positively correlated with disease duration (P<.05).

Conclusion
These results suggest that more complex brain iron changes than those previously reported are associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, including increased nigral iron content and decreased putamenal and pallidal iron concentration in patients with a duration of illness above 10 years.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Neurology, Hôpital Neurologique (Drs Ryvlin, Broussolle, and Chazot), and Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, INSERM U197, Faculté Alexis Carrel (Dr Khalfallah), Lyon, France; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department, Clinique Ste Catherine, Avignon, France (Dr Piollet); and the Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Géeral, Aix-en-Provence, France (Dr Viallet).

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