Posterior neocortical systems subserving awareness and neglect. Neglect associated with superior temporal sulcus but not area 7 lesions
R. T. Watson, E. Valenstein, A. Day and K. M. Heilman
Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville.
OBJECTIVE: In humans and monkeys, the intraparietal sulcus separates the
superior parietal lobule from the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Whereas
in humans Brodmann's area 7 is above this sulcus, in monkeys it is below
and therefore part of the IPL. In humans, the IPL consists of Brodmann's
areas 39 and 40. Some investigators contend that the monkey homologue of
the human IPL (areas 39 and 40) is the monkey's IPL (area 7). Others
contend that it is, at least in part, in the monkey's superior temporal
sulcus (STS). In humans, IPL lesions induce neglect. Although IPL lesions
in monkeys also have been reported to induce neglect, the STS was involved
in these lesions. We sought to learn which of these two areas, when
ablated, produces neglect. DESIGN: Study of five adult stump-tailed macaque
monkeys by making five isolated STS and six IPL lesions. RESULTS: Inferior
parietal lobule lesions were associated with misreaching but not with
unilateral neglect. Neglect was observed in association with five of the
six STS lesions. CONCLUSIONS: With regard to neglect, STS may be the monkey
homologue of the human IPL. Animals with STS lesions and humans with IPL
lesions may manifest unilateral neglect because these areas are necessary
for normal awareness of external stimuli. This awareness may result from
the integration of the areas important in stimulus localization (the "where
is it?" system) and stimulus identification (the "what is it?" system), as
well as the areas important in defining the biologic importance of stimuli,
such as the frontal lobes and limbic areas.
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ABSTRACT
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