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Kevin R. Robertson, PhD; Robert A. Stern, PhD; Colin D. Hall, MBChB; Diana O. Perkins, MD; Jean W. Wilkins, PhD; David T. Gortner; M. Kathleen Donovan, MD; John A. Messenheimer, MD; Robert Whaley, MD; Dwight L. Evans, MD

Arch Neurol. 1993;50(8):807-811.

Abstract
• Background.
—Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency may result in a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HI V-1) infection may have a high rate of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency and nervous system disease. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency may contribute to neurological disease in HIV-1—infected individuals.

Objective.
—To evaluate the possible contribution of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency to neurological disease in HIV-1—infected individuals.

Main Outcome Measures.
—Comparison of serum vitamin B₁₂ levels with neurological, neuropsychological, and mood state abnormalities in 153 HIV-1—positive subjects and 57 high-risk seronegative controls. A subgroup of 67 subjects underwent additional extensive clinical neurophysiological, cerebrospinal fluid, and magnetic resonance imaging evaluations.

Results.
—No statistically significant relationships were noted between vitamin B₁₂ levels and abnormalities on any of the measures examined.

Conclusions.
—This study does not indicate an important role for vitamin B₁₂ deficiency in the neurological disease of HIV-1 infection.

Author Affiliations
From the AIDS Neurological Center (Drs Robertson, Wilkins, Messenheimer, and Whaley and Mr Hall), the Departments of Neurology (Drs Robertson, Wilkins, Donovan, and Messenheimer and Mr Hall), Psychiatry (Drs Robertson, Stern, Perkins, and Wilkins and Mr Gortner), Radiology (Dr Whaley), and Medicine (Dr Messenheimer and Mr Hall), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; and the Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville (Dr Evans).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication January 29, 1993.

Reprint requests to AIDS Neurological Center/Neurology, 751 Clinical Sciences Bldg, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7025 (Mr Hall).

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