Biological significance of iron-related magnetic resonance imaging changes in the brain
J. Pujol, C. Junque, P. Vendrell, J. M. Grau, J. L. Marti-Vilalta, C. Olive and J. Gili
Department of Neurology, Sta Creu and St Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
Iron, an essential element for basic cellular metabolism, regularly
accumulates in certain brain areas in normal subjects and in patients with
certain diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging can depict iron deposition,
offering a singular opportunity to correlate the regional iron content with
the functional status of the human brain in vivo. We studied the
relationship between age and the iron-related signal loss on T2-weighted
images in basal ganglia, and observed a strongly significant signal
decrease in the globus pallidus at the age of brain development (first two
decades of life), but we found no such decrease in later years. Moreover,
in healthy adults, subject-to-subject variability was relevant in changes
due to iron deposition in magnetic resonance imaging. We found increased
signal loss to be associated with poor performance on motor and specific
cognitive tasks, suggesting that these image changes can provide functional
information with respect to the brain in normal subjects.
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