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Paul P. Wang, MD; Sally Doherty, PhD; John R. Hesselink, MD; Ursula Bellugi, EdD

Arch Neurol. 1992;49(4):407-411.

Abstract
• To integrate neuroimaging, neuropathologic, and neuropsychological findings, computer-assisted morphometry was applied to magnetic resonance images of the corpus callosum in adolescents with Down and Williams syndromes and in control subjects. Callosa of subjects with Down syndrome were distinctively rounded in form, consistent with Down syndrome brachycephaly. These callosa also showed decreased widths throughout their rostral fifth, which serves frontal lobe projections. This finding correlates with the hypocellularity and hypofrontality of neocortex in subjects with Down syndrome and with their neuropsychological profile of frontal lobe dysfunction. Callosa of subjects with Williams syndrome generally resembled control specimens, in congruence with their frontal lobe structure and better preserved frontal lobe function. These results represent a convergence of findings across levels of neuroscientific investigation.

Author Affiliations
From the Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, Calif (Drs Wang, Doherty, and Bellugi); and the Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine (Dr Hesselink). Dr Wang is a William T. Grant Foundation fellow of the Pediatric Scientist Development Program.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication October 21, 1991.

Reprint requests to Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 (Dr Bellugi).

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