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Kathleen Welsh, PhD; Nelson Butters, PhD; James Hughes, MS; Richard Mohs, PhD; Albert Heyman, MD

Arch Neurol. 1991;48(3):278-281.

Abstract
• The present study was designed to determine which of the memory tasks included in the CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) neuropsychological battery best differentiate patients with early Alzheimer's disease from cognitively normal elderly control subjects and also best distinguish between the various levels of severity of the dementia process. A sample of CERAD patients with Alzheimer's disease was stratified by disease severity into those with mild, moderate, or severe dementia and matched with control subjects for sex, age, and education. Using multivariate procedures and cutting scores, the efficacy of each memory measure in distinguishing between these groups and control subjects was determined. The test for delayed recall was found to be the best overall discriminatory measure. The other tests of memory, ie, immediate recall, intrusion errors, and recognition memory, had poor overall discriminability. None of the CERAD memory measures were found to be particularly powerful in staging the severity of dementia. These findings suggest that tests for delayed recall may be particularly useful in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease and should be considered in screening batteries for dementia in community surveys.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Psychiatry and Bryan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (Dr Welsh) and Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (Dr Heyman), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Psychology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Administration Medical Center, and Psychiatry Department, University of California, San Diego (Dr Butters); Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle (Mr Hughes); and Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (Dr Mohs).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication August 27, 1990.

Presented, in part, at the Society for Neurosciences meeting, Tucson, Ariz, November 1,1990.

Reprint requests to Bryan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Box 3450, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 (Dr Welsh).

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