This Article  • References  • Full text PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Therapeutic Implications

Karl D. Kieburtz, MD; Leon Gary Epstein, MD; Harris A. Gelbard, MD; J. Timothy Greenamyre, MD, PhD

Arch Neurol. 1991;48(12):1281-1284.

Abstract
• Human immunodeficiency virus infection is frequently complicated by a syndrome of central nervous system dysfunction known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC). The ADC is characterized by abnormalities in cognition, motor performance, and behavior, and it produces serious morbidity in a significant number of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The pathogenesis of ADC is unclear, but appears to be caused by the human immunodeficiency virus itself, rather than by a secondary opportunistic process. Herein, we review the data regarding the pathogenesis of ADC and hypothesize a mechanism involving excitotoxicity and dopaminergic dysfunction. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists may be of therapeutic benefit, as these agents may both limit glutamate-mediated neuronal dysfunction and improve dopaminergic neuronal function.

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Neurology, University of Rochester (NY) Medical Center.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication August 1, 1991.

Reprint requests to Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 673, Rochester, NY 14642 (Dr Kieburtz).

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Psychiatric Aspects of HIV Spectrum Disease
Goodkin
Focus 2009;7:303-310.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Taurine prevents the neurotoxicity of {beta}-amyloid and glutamate receptor agonists: activation of GABA receptors and possible implications for Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders
LOUZADA et al.
FASEB J. 2004;18:511-518.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Parkinsonism as the presenting manifestation of HIV infection: Improvement on HAART
Hersh et al.
Neurology 2001;56:278-279.
FULL TEXT  

Preclinical psychopharmacology of AIDS-associated dementia: lessons to be learned from the cognitive psychopharmacology of other dementias
Sarter and Podell
J Psychopharmacol 2000;14:197-204.
ABSTRACT  

HIV dementia: the role of the basal ganglia and dopaminergic systems
Berger and Arendt
J Psychopharmacol 2000;14:214-221.
ABSTRACT  

Dystonia and chorea in acquired systemic disorders
Janavs and Aminoff
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 1998;65:436-445.
FULL TEXT  

Atypical antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of manic syndromes in patients with HIV-1 infection
Scurlock et al.
J Psychopharmacol 1995;9:151-154.
ABSTRACT