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Automatic Memory Processes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Jordan Grafman, PhD;
Stephen Rao, PhD;
Linda Bernardin, MS;
Gary J. Leo, DO
Arch Neurol. 1991;48(10):1072-1075.
Abstract
• To better understand the nature of the memory deficit in patients with multiple sclerosis, we designed a study to compare automatic vs effortful memory processes. Fortyone patients with definite multiple sclerosis and 45 demographically matched normal control subjects were administered two tasks designed to assess both automatic (monitoring frequency and modality) and effortful (free and cued-recall) processing. Results indicated that patients with multiple sclerosis, as expected, were significantly impaired on memory measures requiring effort, but performed normally on automatic measures. Performance on the memory indexes did not correlate with self-reported depression. The implications of these findings for delineating the locus of the memory impairment in multiple sclerosis is discussed.
Author Affiliations
From the Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (Dr Grafman), and Section of Neuropsychology, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (Drs Rao and Leo and Ms Bernardin).
Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 9, 1991.
Reprint requests to Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Medical Neurology Branch, Bldg 10, Room 5C422, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 (Dr Grafman).
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