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Louis R. Caplan, MD; Jeremy D. Schmahmann, MD; Carlos S. Kase, MD; Edward Feldmann, MD; George Baquis, MD; John P. Greenberg, MD; Phillip B. Gorelick, MD; Cathy Helgason, MD; Daniel B. Hier, MD

Arch Neurol. 1990;47(2):133-143.

Abstract
• Eighteen patients had caudate nucleus infarcts (10 left-sided; 8 right-sided). Infarcts extended into the anterior limb of the internal capsule in 9 patients, and also the anterior putamen in 5 patients. Thirteen patients had motor signs, most often a slight transient hemiparesis. Dysarthria was common (11 patients). Cognitive and behavioral abnormalities were frequent, and included abulia (10 patients), agitation and hyperactivity (7 patients), contralateral neglect (3 patients, all right caudate), and language abnormalities (2 patients, both left caudate). The majority of patients had risk factors for penetrating artery disease. Branch occlusion of Heubner's artery, or perforators from the proximal anterior or middle cerebral arteries were the posited mechanism of infarction.

Author Affiliations
From the New England Medical Center, Boston, Mass (Drs Caplan and Feldmann); Boston (Mass) City Hospital (Dr Schmahmann); Boston (Mass) University Hospital (Dr Kase); Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, Ill (Drs Hier and Gorelick); and University of Illinois Hospital, Chicago (Dr Helgason). Drs Baquis and Greenberg are in private practice in Nashua, NH, and Plainfield, NJ, respectively.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication May 22, 1989.

Reprint requests to Department of Neurology, Tufts University, 750 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 (Dr Caplan).

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