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An Analysis of 11 Patients

Oscar Talamás, MD; Oscar H. Del Brutto, MD; Guillermo García-Ramos, MD

Arch Neurol. 1989;46(5):529-535.

Abstract
• The clinical and radiologic findings in 11 patients with brain-stem tuberculoma were reviewed. Clinical manifestations included various combinations of focal signs and symptoms of subacute onset, similar to those produced by other space-occupying lesions of the brain stem. Evidence of systemic tuberculosis was found in six cases (55%). Computed tomography (CT) usually showed an isodense or hyperdense brain-stem mass with abnormal contrast enhancement; associated supratentorial granulomas were found in four cases, and hydrocephalus was found in two cases. Magnetic resonance imaging showed irregular brain-stem lesions with long T₁ and short T₂ relaxation times. Cerebrospinal fluid findings were also nonspecific, as smears for acid-fast bacilli were most often negative. An incorrect diagnosis of pontine glioma was made in one patient. In contrast, proper integration of data from CT and magnetic resonance imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and x-ray films of the chest permitted an accurate diagnosis in ten cases. Prompt therapy with antituberculous drugs resulted in clinical improvement, documented by CT, in most patients. Brain-stem tuberculoma should be suspected in patients with space-occupying lesions of the brain stem who live in geographic areas where tuberculosis is endemic. Early diagnosis and prompt medical therapy are important in preventing mortality and reducing morbidity.

Author Affiliations
From the Division de Neurología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City. Dr Del Brutto is now with Hospital General Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Aug 1, 1988.

Reprint requests to Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, 14410 Mexico 22, DF (Dr García-Ramos).

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