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Abnormal Breathing Patterns Associated With Acute Brain Damage
J. Brian North, FRACS;
Sheila Jennett, MD, PhD
Arch Neurol. 1974;31(5):338-344.
Abstract
Breathing patterns were recorded by impedance pneumograph or pneumotachograph and capnograph in 227 patients in a neurosurgical unit; most had recent head injury, intracranial tumor, or ruptured aneurysms. The site of brain damage was determined from clinical investigation or autopsy, and the outcome three months later was classified. Abnormal patterns were recorded at some time in 60% of patients. Periodic breathing, irregular breathing, and tachypnea were equally common. All patients with a lesion in the medulla had abnormal patterns; medullary and pontine lesions were frequently associated with irregular breathing. Only gross irregularity of breathing was of localizing value in these acutely brain damaged patients, by contrast with previous reports of other associations in more chronic neurological disorders. Tachypnea (frequency >25/min) and hyperventilation (arterial carbon dioxide pressure <30 mm Hg) were associated with a poor prognosis when they were combined.
Author Affiliations
From the departments of neurosurgery (Dr. North) and physiology (Dr. Jennett), University of Glasgow, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Glasgow, Scotland.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication April 23, 1974.
Reprint requests to Neurosurgical Clinic, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia (Dr. North).
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